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Python Foundations: Types, Logic, and Classes
Created by Shaunak Ghosh
Build a solid Python foundation by learning how Python reads your code (indentation), how to print and inspect values, and how to work confidently with strings vs numbers. You’ll fix common beginner bugs with type conversion, write decision-making programs with if/elif/else, and finish by understanding and using basic object-oriented programming with classes and methods.
Requirements
- Basic computer skills (create files/folders, copy/paste code)
- Python 3 installed and a way to run scripts (terminal or an IDE)
- Comfort with basic arithmetic (add/subtract/multiply/divide)
What you'll learn
- Identify and fix indentation/block-structure mistakes that change program behavior.
- Use print() and f-strings to inspect values and create readable output.
- Explain and predict the difference between string concatenation and numeric addition.
- Convert between strings and numbers to avoid TypeError and get correct calculations.
- Use comparison operators to produce booleans and write if/elif/else decision logic.
- Explain and use basic classes/objects, and implement simple instance methods with state checks.
Learning path
10 modules • Each builds on the previous one
1
Python syntax basics and indentation
Learn the core rules Python uses to understand your code: statements, indentation blocks, colons, and common syntax errors. You’ll practice reading small snippets and predicting what Python considers a “block” of code.
1 video4 min
2
Print output and comment notes
Use the print() function to display values and understand how Python executes lines top-to-bottom. Learn code documentation with comments using #, including how comments help you think and debug.
1 video5 min
3
Strings vs numbers in Python
Understand the difference between text (strings) and numeric types (int/float), and why Python treats them differently. You’ll predict results of operations like + and see why "5" is not the same as 5.
1 video8 min
4
Python string concatenation and methods
Learn how to combine strings using + and how to work with text using common string methods (lower, upper, strip, replace, split). Practice building simple messages and cleaning user-like text.
1 video6 min
5
Python arithmetic operators for calculations
Use Python’s arithmetic operators (+, -, *, /, //, %, **) and understand operator precedence. Practice calculating totals, averages, and remainders while printing results clearly.
1 video5 min
6
Type conversion with int float str
Learn how and when to convert between types using int(), float(), and str(). Practice fixing common errors when mixing strings and numbers, including the exact pattern needed to turn "5" into 5 for math.
1 video8 min
7
Python comparison operators and booleans
Use comparison operators (==, !=, <, <=, >, >=) and understand that they produce True/False (booleans). Practice comparing numbers and strings carefully and printing the results to verify your logic.
1 video5 min
8
If elif else conditional logic
Write if/elif/else statements to make decisions based on comparisons. Practice small programs (grading, eligibility checks, simple text rules) and focus on correct indentation and readable conditions.
1 video5 min
9
OOP: objects and classes in Python
Learn the OOP idea: a class is a blueprint and an object is an instance with data and behavior. Connect OOP to real examples (Student, Car, BankAccount) and read simple class code without writing much yet.
1 video13 min
10
Define classes, methods, and init
Write a small class using class, def, and __init__ to create objects with attributes. Practice calling methods, updating object state, and printing results to verify behavior.
1 video6 min
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Begin your learning journey
Modules10
Duration58 min
Science-backed learning
In-video quizzes and scaffolded content to maximize retention.
Key concepts
Python Indentation And Code BlocksPrinting Output And Reading Program ResultsWriting And Using Comments With #Core Data Types (Strings, Integers, Floats, Booleans)Strings Vs Numbers And Why Operations DifferBasic String Methods For Normalizing TextArithmetic Operators And Operator PrecedenceType Conversion With Int(), Float(), And Str()Diagnosing And Fixing Type-Related Errors (TypeError)Comparison Operators And Boolean ResultsIf/Elif/Else Decision-Making With Correct SyntaxOOP Fundamentals: Classes, Objects, Attributes, MethodsInstance Methods That Manage Object State